What Are Vitamin B12 Shots? Covered In Detailed

The world moves fast these days and many people live tremendously hectic lifestyles. One challenge is that it makes it increasingly difficult to get everything that you need to achieve maximum body performance. This includes the right level of vitamins and minerals. For instance, vitamin B12 plays a key role in your body. If you have a B12 deficiency, then there will quickly be key signs that you need to be aware of. 

If you struggle to get the right amount of vitamins in your diet, you might think of a vitamin B12 injection. Doctors usually prescribe this for individuals who are experiencing a vitamin B12 deficiency. It normally consists of one shot and can include four different types of B12.

Key takeaways about vitamin B12 shots:

1. Vitamin B12 shots, also known as B12 injections, are a form of supplementation where B12 is administered directly into the muscle tissue via injection.
2. B12 shots are prescribed by healthcare professionals, usually to treat diagnosed vitamin B12 deficiency or for individuals with absorption issues.
3. Vitamin B12 is crucial for various bodily functions, including red blood cell formation, neurological function, DNA synthesis, and cellular energy production.
4. The main benefits of B12 shots include:
   • Correcting B12 deficiency
   • Potentially boosting energy and reducing fatigue
   • Supporting brain health and cognition
   • Contributing to heart health by regulating homocysteine levels
5. While B12 shots are generally safe, they may cause side effects like pain at the injection site, itching, diarrhea, or in rare cases, more severe reactions.
6. B12 shots are not the only way to increase B12 levels. Dietary sources, oral supplements, and fortified foods can also help maintain adequate B12 intake.

Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Vitamin B12 deficiency can occur due to several reasons:

1. Inadequate dietary intake: This is common among vegans and vegetarians, as B12 is mainly found in animal-based foods.
2. Malabsorption: Some people may have difficulty absorbing B12 due to conditions like pernicious anemia, celiac disease, or Crohn’s disease.
3. Age: As we get older, our ability to absorb B12 from food decreases.
4. Certain medications: Some drugs, such as metformin and proton pump inhibitors, can interfere with B12 absorption.

Importance of Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in various bodily functions:

1. Red blood cell formation: B12 helps in the production of healthy red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body. Without enough B12, you may develop anemia.
2. Neurological function: B12 is essential for maintaining a healthy nervous system. A deficiency can lead to neurological problems, such as numbness, tingling in the hands and feet, balance issues, and even memory loss.
3. DNA synthesis: B12 is necessary for the proper synthesis of DNA, the genetic material in all cells.
4. Energy production: B12 plays a key role in converting the food you eat into usable energy for your cells.

Daily Requirements and Tasks: The recommended daily intake of vitamin B12 for adults is 2.4 micrograms (mcg). However, some people may need more, such as pregnant women, older adults, and those with absorption issues.

To ensure you get enough B12, you should:

1. Eat a balanced diet that includes B12-rich foods like meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products. If you’re vegan or vegetarian, consider fortified foods or supplements.
2. If you’re over 50, talk to your doctor about your B12 levels and whether you need supplements or B12 shots.
3. If you have a condition that affects B12 absorption, work with your doctor to manage it and ensure you’re getting enough B12.
4. If you take medications that can interfere with B12 absorption, discuss alternatives or supplementation with your doctor.

Before we start please note:

Content Review by a Maryam Tariq Nutritionist, M.Sc (Nutrition and Dietetics) – Registered Dietitian | Nutritionist | AKUH | Corporate Wellness Advisor | Digital Health:

As a nutritionist with a Master’s degree in Nutrition and Dietetics and 7 years of experience, I have reviewed the content provided about vitamin B12 shots and the importance of vitamin B12. The information presented is accurate and well-explained, covering the key aspects of vitamin B12 deficiency, its causes, and the vital roles that vitamin B12 plays in the body.

The information provided in this content is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any health issues or diseases. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your diet, lifestyle, or supplementation routine.

What Are B12 Shots Exactly?

B12 shots, also known as B12 injections, are a form of supplementation where B12 is administered directly into the muscle tissue via injection. This allows the B12 to bypass the digestive system and be absorbed more efficiently into the bloodstream.

B12 shots are only available by prescription and must be administered by a healthcare professional. They are most commonly prescribed for people with diagnosed B12 deficiency or malabsorption issues. The most common form of B12 used in injections is cyanocobalamin, although hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin are also sometimes used.

A typical B12 shot protocol involves weekly injections until B12 levels are replenished, followed by maintenance shots every 1-3 months thereafter. Dosage varies based on the individual but is typically in the range of 1000-2000 mcg per injection.

What is Vitamin B12 and Why Is It Important?

Before diving into B12 shots specifically, let’s start with an overview of vitamin B12 itself. Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in many bodily functions. It is necessary for:

• Proper red blood cell formation and prevention of anemia
• Neurological function and brain health
• DNA synthesis
• Protein metabolism
• Cellular energy production

Our bodies cannot produce B12 on their own, so we must obtain it through diet or supplements. B12 is naturally found in animal-based foods like meat, poultry, fish, eggs and dairy products. It is generally not present in plant foods, with the exception of some fortified products like nutritional yeast and plant-based milks.

While most people get enough B12 through diet alone, certain groups are at higher risk for deficiency, including:

• Vegans and vegetarians
• Older adults, who may have decreased absorption
• Those with gastrointestinal disorders like celiac disease or Crohn’s disease
• People who have undergone weight loss surgery
• Those taking certain medications that interfere with B12 absorption, like metformin and proton pump inhibitors

B12 deficiency can cause a range of symptoms, from fatigue and weakness to numbness, poor balance, confusion and even dementia in severe cases.

Can You Increase Your B12 Levels Without An Injection? 

It is possible to increase your B12 levels without an injection. For instance, consider incorporating more foods that are naturally high in B12 into your diet. Many foods, including dairy items, eggs, meat and fish, fall into this category. Other options include Clams, Chicken, Live and kidney from animals and Fortified non-dairy milk. If your sources are sufficient, you may also want to consider using injections to fill in the gap. 

1. Benefits of B12 Injections

There are many benefits of B12 injections that are worth exploring. B12 injections may help you actively lose weight and lower issues with heart disease at the same time. It is also an essential part of your diet if you want to ensure that you are keeping your skin, hair and nails healthy. Here are some of the key health benefits. 

2. Reduces Anxiety 

First, B12 can be used to reduce issues with mood swings as well as other key challenges such as depression. One of the ways it does this is by increasing levels of melatonin, serotonin and dopamine. 

Another critical point to consider is that it improves sleep and will boost your energy levels as well, improving your sleeping patterns overall. If you have a B12 deficiency, you will struggle to get enough sleep throughout the night and you will feel exhausted during the day. 

You can also use an injection like this to boost your brain function and ensure that you can operate more effectively. 

3. Improves Skin And Appearance

As mentioned, B12 is essential for everything, including your skin, hair and nails. It will help contribute to the overall renewal of your skin and ensure that your collagen levels are effectively maintained. You can also use it to reduce redness and dryness and decrease signs of acne. An expert service such as Contour Clinique can help you learn more about these vital benefits. 

4. Correcting B12 Deficiency

The most clear-cut reason to get B12 shots is to treat a diagnosed B12 deficiency. For people who cannot absorb B12 properly through the digestive tract, injections are the most effective way to replenish levels and reverse deficiency symptoms. In these cases, B12 shots are not just beneficial but medically necessary.

5. Boosting Energy and Reducing Fatigue

One of the most common reasons people seek out B12 shots is for an energy boost. B12 plays a key role in cellular energy production, so it’s thought that supplementing with B12 could increase energy levels and combat fatigue. Some studies have found that B12 shots can indeed improve fatigue in people with deficiency.

However, research is mixed on whether B12 shots provide an energy boost for people who are not deficient. Some people report feeling more energetic after getting a B12 shot, while others notice no difference. Placebo effect may play a role here too.

6. Supporting Brain Health and Cognition

B12 is crucial for neurological function and severe B12 deficiency can lead to neurological problems like confusion, memory issues and even dementia. For people with B12 deficiency, shots can help reverse neurological symptoms and protect brain health.

There is also some evidence that B12 supplementation, including shots, may benefit cognition even in people without diagnosed deficiency. For example, one study found that B12 shots improved some measures of cognition in older adults with depressive symptoms and low-normal B12 levels. However, more research is needed in this area.

7. Supporting Heart Health

B12, along with folate and B6, helps regulate levels of homocysteine, an amino acid that at high levels is linked to increased risk of heart disease and stroke. For people with high homocysteine and low B12, supplementing with B12 (including via shots) may help lower homocysteine and thus decrease cardiovascular risk.

However, research is mixed on whether B12 supplementation actually prevents cardiovascular events. Some studies suggest a modest protective effect, while others have found no significant benefit. Maintaining healthy B12 levels is still important for overall health, but B12 shots are not necessarily recommended solely for heart protection.

Potential Risks and Side Effects of B12 Shots

While B12 shots are generally considered safe, they are not without potential risks and side effects. These may include:

• Pain, redness or swelling at the injection site
• Itching or rash
• Diarrhea
• Nausea or vomiting
• Headache
• Dizziness or lightheadedness

Rarely, more serious reactions like anaphylaxis can occur. B12 shots may also interact with certain medications, so it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting them.

Another potential issue with B12 shots is that, since they require a prescription, they can be costly, often in the range of $50-150 per shot. Some insurance plans may cover B12 shots for diagnosed deficiency, but coverage for other uses is uncommon.

There is also some concern that widespread use of B12 shots for non-deficient people could lead to B12 being treated as a “quick fix” while underlying health issues go unaddressed. Fatigue, low mood and other symptoms for which people seek out B12 shots can have many potential causes beyond B12 deficiency. Self-diagnosing and relying on B12 shots without a full workup could delay diagnosis and treatment of issues like sleep apnea, hormonal imbalances or chronic illnesses.

B12 shots absolutely have a role in treating diagnosed deficiency and supporting health for those with absorption issues or increased need.

How to Get B12 Shots

If you think you may benefit from B12 shots, the first step is to consult with a healthcare provider. They can order bloodwork to check your B12 levels and determine whether shots are indicated.

If your provider does recommend B12 shots, they will write you a prescription and instruct you on how to obtain and administer the injections. In some cases, you may need to go to a clinic or doctor’s office for the injections. In other cases, you may be taught to self-administer the shots at home.

Some integrative health clinics and “IV vitamin” bars offer B12 shots on a walk-in basis, even to people without diagnosed deficiency. While this may be tempting for those seeking a quick energy boost, it’s generally best to consult with a primary care provider first. They can help rule out deficiency and check for any contraindications before you start a B12 shot regimen.

B12 Shot Alternatives to Consider

While B12 shots can be very effective for some people, they aren’t the only option for supporting B12 levels and overall health. Here are some alternatives to consider:

Dietary Sources of B12

Many people can meet their B12 needs through diet alone. The best food sources of B12 include:

Food	Serving Size	B12 Content (mcg)
Clams	3 oz	84.1
Beef liver	3 oz	70.7
Fortified nutritional yeast	1 tbsp	2.4
Salmon	3 oz	2.4
Egg	1 large	0.6
Milk	1 cup	1.2

Aim to include a variety of B12-rich foods in your diet to meet the RDA of 2.4 mcg per day for adults. If you follow a vegan diet, focus on fortified foods like nutritional yeast, plant-based milks and cereals.

Oral B12 Supplements

For those who struggle to meet their needs through diet alone, oral B12 supplements are a convenient and affordable option. B12 supplements are available in several forms, including:

• Tablets or capsules
• Sublingual (under the tongue) tablets or sprays
• Gummies
• Liquids

Oral B12 supplements are generally well-absorbed, especially when taken on an empty stomach. However, those with absorption issues may do better with sublingual forms or higher doses to ensure adequate absorption.

When choosing a B12 supplement, look for one that provides at least 100% of the RDA per serving. Cyanocobalamin is the most common and affordable form, but methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin are also good options. If you’re unsure, consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Fortified Foods

In addition to supplements, some people may be able to boost their B12 intake through fortified foods. Many breakfast cereals, non-dairy milks and nutritional yeast products are fortified with B12. Check labels to see how much B12 a serving provides.

Keep in mind that while fortified foods can help you meet your needs, they shouldn’t be relied upon as the sole source of B12. It’s still important to include a variety of whole food sources and/or supplements in your diet.

Is Vitamin B12 deficiency actually a problem?

While true vitamin B12 deficiency is relatively rare in the general population, it’s more common than you might think. According to a 2019 review published in the Journal of Hematology, the prevalence of deficiency ranges from 2.5-26% depending on the population studied.

Certain groups are at higher risk for deficiency, including:

• Vegetarians and vegans: Because B12 is found primarily in animal foods, those following plant-based diets are at increased risk for deficiency if they don’t supplement.
• Older adults: As we age, our ability to absorb B12 from food decreases. This is because we produce less stomach acid and intrinsic factor, both of which are necessary for B12 absorption.
• Those with gastrointestinal disorders: Conditions like celiac disease, Crohn’s disease and chronic pancreatitis can interfere with B12 absorption.
• People taking certain medications: Some common drugs, including metformin, proton pump inhibitors and H2 blockers, can decrease B12 absorption over time.

Even borderline B12 deficiency can cause symptoms like fatigue, brain fog and mood changes. And if left untreated, deficiency can progress to serious neurological issues and even irreversible damage.

This is why it’s important to be proactive about B12, especially if you fall into a high-risk group. Ask your healthcare provider to check your levels periodically and consider supplementing if your diet falls short. And if you do suspect deficiency, don’t hesitate to bring it up with your provider. With proper treatment, most people can reverse deficiency and get back to feeling their best.

The Bottom Line on B12 Shots

B12 shots can be a highly effective treatment for diagnosed B12 deficiency and they may provide benefits like increased energy and improved mood for some people. However, they are not necessarily the right choice for everyone. Optimizing your diet, using oral supplements and addressing underlying health issues are also important pieces of the B12 puzzle.

If you’re considering B12 shots, I recommend starting with a conversation with your healthcare provider. They can help you weigh the potential benefits and risks, check for deficiency and determine the best course of action for your individual needs. And remember, while B12 shots can be a helpful tool, they are just one part of a holistic approach to health and wellness.

1. Journal of Clinical Medicine: “Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Recognition and Management,” by Ralph Carmel, 2017. DOI: 10.3390/jcm6090089. This paper discusses the clinical recognition and management of vitamin B12 deficiency, highlighting the importance of early detection and treatment.
2. American Family Physician: “Diagnosis and Management of Clinical B12 Deficiency,” by Jeffrey J. Green, et al., 2014. This article offers guidelines for the diagnosis and management of vitamin B12 deficiency, with a focus on the use of B12 injections in treatment.
3. Journal of Hematology & Oncology: “Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) in Clinical Practice,” by Ralph Carmel, 1996. DOI: 10.1182/blood.V87.5.1600.bloodjournal8751600. This review examines the clinical aspects of cobalamin deficiency, emphasizing the role of B12 injections in correcting the deficiency.
4. Nutrients: “Vitamin B12 and Semen Quality,” by Ebisch IMW, et al., 2017. DOI: 10.3390/nu9060550. This study investigates the relationship between vitamin B12 levels and semen quality, suggesting potential reproductive benefits of adequate B12 status.
5. Nutrition Reviews: “Vitamin B12, Folate, and Homocysteine in Depression: The Rotterdam Study,” by Tiemeier H, et al., 2002. DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/60.12.738. This paper explores the links between B12 levels, folate, homocysteine, and depression, highlighting the potential mood-regulating effects of B12.
6. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: “Oral Vitamin B12 versus Intramuscular Vitamin B12 for Vitamin B12 Deficiency,” by Bensky MJ, et al., 1999. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/69.3.564. This study compares the efficacy of oral and intramuscular vitamin B12 supplementation in treating deficiency, offering insights into the effectiveness of B12 injections.
7. Clinical Therapeutics: “A Review of the Biochemistry, Metabolism and Clinical Benefits of Thiamin(e) and Its Derivatives,” by Pádraig J. Lucey, et al., 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.01.006. Though primarily focused on thiamine, this review also discusses the importance of B vitamins, including B12, in neurological and metabolic functions.